The observed heparin rebound levels were low and clinically insignificant in terms of blood loss, but they were associated with slight changes in coagulation monitoring. Thus, protamine chloride was not a clinically superior antidote to heparin than protamine sulfate. The postoperative blood losses were comparable in both groups. Two hours after neutralization, a small and temporary increase of plasma heparin level was observed in both groups. The initial neutralization effect, the subsequent behavior of the plasma heparin level, and the various coagulation parameters did not differ significantly between the groups. The total protamine/heparin dose ratio was 0.71 +/- 0.05 for protamine sulfate and 0.77 +/- 0.07 (mg/100 U) for protamine chloride. Heparin was neutralized either with protamine sulfate or protamine chloride. There are dozens of different antidotes however, some may only counteract one particular drug, whereas others (such as charcoal) may help reduce the toxicity of numerous drugs. There are dozens of different antidotes however, some may only counteract one particular drug, whereas others (such as charcoal) may help reduce the toxicity of numerous drugs. Print Antidotes What are Antidotes An antidote is a drug, chelating substance, or a chemical that counteracts (neutralizes) the effects of another drug or a poison. Initial heparin and subsequent protamine doses were determined by constructing a heparin-activated coagulation time response curve. An antidote is a drug, chelating substance, or a chemical that counteracts (neutralizes) the effects of another drug or a poison. 16 Other antidotes currently in development and included in this study are UHRA (Universal Heparin Reversal Agent) 17,18 (UHRA-7) and ciraparantag (PER977). This study was undertaken to compare these two protamine salts in 32 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery. Recently, the US Food and Drug Administration approved andexanet alfa (andexanet) as an antidote for reversing anticoagulation activity of rivaroxaban and apixaban. Heparin rebound has been suggested to occur when protamine sulfate, but not protamine chloride, is used to neutralize heparin.
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